Yakton Sanggye Pel

Yakton Sanggye Pel (g.yag ston sangs rgyas dpal, 1348-1414) was a great master of the Sakya tradition and the first in the line of men known as the Six Great Ornaments of Tibet. He was born in Trang ('phrang). His father's name was Tsetanggi Chenpo Changchub Rinchen (rtse thang gi chen po byang chub rin chen). The Blue Annals also suggests the name by which Sanggye Pel is known came from an attendant called Yak Yu (g.yag yu) who took care of him when he was a boy.

His early education took place at Sangpu (gsang phu) monastery, where he studied Buton's (bu ston) commentary on the Prajñāpāramitā and was praised for his skill in memorization. His root teacher was Kunga Pel (kun dga' dpal, 1285-1379).

Sanggye Pel became a prominent teacher in U and Tsang, renowned for his teachings on Prajñāpāramitā. Among the Six Ornaments of Tibet, who were known for their different strengths in teaching, he is known for masterful teachings on the Sutras. Sanggye Pel's main disciple and eventual successor at Sakya was the renowned scholar Rongton Sheja Kunrik (rong ston shes bya kun rig, 1367-1449). Sanggye Pel primarily taught Rongton the Prajñāpāramitā scriptures and treatises on logic and epistemology. Sanggye Pel's prominent students also included Zhonnu Lodro (gzhon nu blo gros, 1349-1412), Konchok Gyeltsen (dkon mchog rgyal mtshan, 1388-1469), Zhonnu Gyelchok (gzhon nu rgyal mchog, d.u.), Sherab Sengge (shes rab seng ge, 1383-1445), and Kunga Gyeltsen (kun dga' rgyal mtshan, 1382-1446).

Sanggye Pel was the author of the Yaktik (full title: g.yag tik rigs pa'i 'od stong 'phro ba) a commentary on Sakya Paṇḍita's Tsema Rigter (Tshad ma rigs gter). This work of Sanggye Pel's helped clarify and draw attention to Sa-pan's text, which had been considered problematic and perhaps undervalued by earlier scholars. He also composed a famous eight-volume commentary on the Abhisamayālaṅkāra called the Ngontokgyen Drelpa Rinchen Samdrel Wanggyel (mngon rtogs rgyan 'grel pa rin chen bsam 'phel dbang rgyal). Sanggye Pel was particularly instrumental in the transmission of the Abhidharmakośa and Pramāṇa-samuccaya in Tibet. He also taught on Mādhyamaka and Dharmakirti's Pramāṇavārttika.

Yakton Sanggye Pel passed away in 1414. Several relics are said to have remained after the cremation of his remains.

Sources:

Gdong thog bstan pa'i rgyal mtshan. 1977. Dpal ldan sa skya pa'i bstan pa rin po che ji ltar byung ba'i lo rgyus. Delhi: Lakshmi Printing Works, pp. 224 ff.

Grags pa 'byung gnas. 1992. Gangs can mkhas grub rim byon ming mdzod. Lanzhou: Kan su'u mi rigs dpe skrun khang.

Dreyfus, Georges. 1997. Recognizing Reality: Dharmakirti's Philosophy and Its Tibetan Interpretations. New York: SUNY.

Roerich, George, trans. 1976. The Blue Annals. Delhi: Motilal Banarsidas, pp. 339 ff.

Dominique Townsend
February 2010